Don't know about diesel fuel, but I use it all the time in my 1500 gasser at the 1 oz to 10 gal gas. I consistently log 15-20% increase in mileage depending on if it is city or interstate time.
According the the internet research I found, acetone in small quantities easier to vaporize and mix with the air better. I can't vouch for the chemistry but I can vouch for the results I log. Not sure I would add it to my CTD's diesel fuel due to the lubrication diesel fuel adds to the injection pump and cylinders. It seems that there a a lot of guys on the board adding oils of various types to their diesel fuel with the intention of prolonging the life of the fuel system - I would not want to take a chance of adding even a small amount of anything that would "thin the mix".