InDirect Injection...
... which is what he's got. They had pre-combustion chambers in the heads to pre-heat the fuel. Not a very efficient way to burn fuel but it works. The power-strokes went to direct injection like the Cummins had all along,which means they squirt the fuel directly on top of the piston. So now you know. I'm by no means an expert on the I. D. I. s but we had a panel van that was doing similar to what you're describing. We tweaked the timing a little by loosening the pump mounting bolts and moving it slightly. Ended up replacing the pump. I'm talking injection pump here. It's on the front of the engine in the valley with 8 lines coming out of it. Maybe some of these other guys will chime in,or you could also try Ford Diesel.com. How many miles?It seems I read about the inj. pumps needing work at about 100k... . Doug