Just read this post after coming in from the driveway having had the same problem, engine ran a few seconds after a fuel fulter change, then quit and would not start. I discovered I cannot read instructions: They say to purge the air from the fuel lines and filter after putting in a new filter. Do that by loosening the banjo fitting just below the HP pump, cover the loose fitting with a rag, then turn the key to START, but not long enough to fire the engine. This will cause the LP pump to run for 25 seconds, not just the 2 seconds when you only turn the key to ON. After doing the air purge correctly the engine started on the second try and ran fine.
Before I re-read the instructions, I called by buddy who I knew also had the same problem to find out how he solved the problem, but he was not home from work yet. He called back just after I had already solved my problem, with the same solution - read the manual, carefully!! So, apparently, many of us have this problem.