If any silicone sealant works, it will be for only a very short period of time. Silicone *appears* to bond well upon application, but the fact of the matter is that silicone is has the absolute worst bond of any sealant I've ever seen.
Your biggest problem is the lack of support resulting in the 'flexing' issue. If you can solve the support problem then you have a better chance of solving the problem with sealant.
At either bLowe's or Home Depot you can find a fiberglass patch kit for tubs and hot tubs. I used one of these kits in the exact same set of circumstances as yours, and if there is flexing due to lack of support then that will fail as well.
If you're determined to try the sealant remedy and you're able to solve the support issue, my suggestion is a professional grade of urethane in a caulking tube found at a waterproofing supply house. I have used many brands of urethane over the years and my absolute fave is Vulkem 116. It's got great adhesion. Sonneborn NP1 is ok, and it has good adhesion as well. Vulkem 116 has a texture to it to match up with masonry and the NP1 does not. Sonneborn has consistency issues, but Vulkem 116 is very consistent. They both come in bright white, off white, or other colors.
Whatever you do, proper surface preparation is absolutely essential. Clean surface with household cleaner as you normally would, then thoroughly clean with mineral spirits and allow to dry. If you use urethane then I suggest you allow the urethane to cure at least 72 hours before use.
HTH