I'm certainly no expert (expert= ex~unknown factor, spirt~drip under pressure)
But the main issues are pop-off pressures, spray pattern/angle, number of holes, duration of release, and perhaps some others.
You can interchange injectors generally but there are different sizes for the adaptor "collar" when going between early 1st Gen's and later ones.
Also in the case of the Lucas injectors, they are referred to as "large sac injectors" and they have a tendency to retain a tiny amount of fuel aftere they open/close, that bit of remaining fuel kinda drips and causes some of the smoke at idle.
As for the pumps thing, there are modifications made interanlly to these pumps depending on the application, such as, marine/industrial, light truck (ours) etc.
Power Wagon has posted a bit on this.
Since our trucks don't "breath" as well as any of the other Gen trucks, we need to impove airflow alot. Porting the head, a good manifold porting or aftermarket one, improved turbo efficiency, exhaust, cam change, and other things commonly used to increase airflow will allow us to us the fuel the pump can provide.
Our pumps can flow enough fuel when used with larger injectors, that's true. But you need to factor in "usefull life expectancy" when you really uprated the work load on them.
Bob.