There's 3 classifications of heavy duty in diesel engines, light, medium and heavy heavy duty. And you need to look no further than the engine data tags. On the Cummins it is on the timming cover on the Ford it is on the valve cover the Chevy I don't know where it is on it. It does have to do with the life of the emissions. It also has to do with GVW light heavy duty is used in applications up to 33,000GVW medium heavy duty 33,000-66,000 GVW. Also a light heavy duty isn't expected to be rebuilt it is a throw away engine. A medium heavy duty engine is expected to be rebuilt and isn't a throw away.