The starter can take 30 seconds at a time, with a 5 minute cool off between attempts. Sometimes it'll take the full 30 seconds.
Or crack a few of the injector lines at the head (like 1, 3, and 4) with a 19mm wrench. Back them off slightly to open the line between the injector lines and the injector. Then crank the engine over for a couple of 5-10 second attempts. The idea is to purge the air out of the high pressure lines. After 10-20 seconds of cranking, snug everything back up and go back to the 30sec/5min routine.
**Be careful -- the fuel at the injector lines is under VERY HIGH PRESSURE while the engine is turning over and can cause injury**
With that being said, you shouldn't need to crack the injectors to get things running after a filter change. The lift pump is probably either gone or on it's way out. I don't suppose you have a fuel pressure gauge on it, do you?