Short trips can shorten the life of your oil HUGE. The life of your oil varies greatly depending on your particular habits, ie short trips. If you make alot of short trips, your soot will tend to be higher. This drops the base number as the soot is acidic. It will cause things to be abrasive and you will get elevated lead and tin numbers. (if you were to pull a sample. )
Also the type of oil that you use. Oil is not oil. The quality of oil varies greatly. Most of what varies is the base stock and the additive package.
Some oils can go well beyond a year. Some can not. You are probably ok changing it at 1 year if you only go 5k miles. If you want to go past that, or get a better idea of what the best oil change interval for you, your habits, and your level of filtration sampling is the best way. It is also a good way to tell if there is other problems that are starting to develop in your engine. It will check for things like fuel dilution, and wear materials.
There are quite a few labs that do testing. I use Polaris labs. They do the analysis for Detroit Diesel, Allison Transmission, and many others. Alot of members here use Blackstone labs. You may go to your nearest KW, Peterbilt, Freightliner, CAT,IH, Cummins, or Detroit Dealer and see what they charge for a sample kit. Oil analysis usually runs about $20. It all comes down you preference, whether you want to know, or just change your oil. I run excellent oil and a bypass filter, so I may never change my oil again. It has been about 20 months since I changed my oil and I am not even thinking about changing it any time soon. The oil I use can go well over a year, even without a bypass. I know this from watching oil samples from many vehicles that are running it.