That 5w worries me for a 99 that Cummins spec's out at 15w. Might be a little to light, ok for newer that came with 5w. They do have a 15-40 T6 but is quite pricier.
Don't be worried about it. Nothing really changed from when 15w-40 was the only spec to when synthetic 5w-40 was offered as a spec. Flat tappets, rockers, HUGE main bearings, etc.. all basically the same and were from 98-18. That being said there are several quality synthetic 15w-40's that have great pour points.
If there was a reason NOT to run a 5w40, then it wouldn't be worth it....but since 5w40 is perfectly fine (both in practice and per Cummins/Ram) it is worth it.
There isn't a reason not to run it, but there are reasons why a synthetic 15w-40 can be better choice... unless you need that extreme cold flow.
Just looking at the above posted photo, other manufacturer specs are sometimes harder to find, the big things I look for in a diesel oil are Viscosity at 100°C, NOACK Volatility, and High Temp/High Sheer Viscosity. Other stuff is also important, but these 3 are big ones for me.
The 0w-40 has the highest 100°C viscosity, .1 higher than the 15w and .3 higher than the 5w. When I switched from an oil with a 100°C viscosity of 15.0 to one with 15.6 I saw 3-5 more psi at 2,000 rpms and the oil ran 5° cooler at cruise. While towing it held 2-3 psi more and slightly cooler. This was with aftermarket oil temp and pressure on my 05. So I like this number a little higher for heavy towing. Win 0w-40.
The NOACK Volatilty always increases the higher the multiweight spread is, which is why the 15w-40 will burn off 80% less than the 5w-40 and 113% less than the 0w-40. Win 15w-40.
High Temp/High Sheer. Higher is better, especially when you look at how much power these things are making now. 15w-40 win.
So even thou the 0w-40 has a higher 100°C viscosity it's only by .1, so I'll take that minor decrease as it's still a better performing oil under heavy load than the others. I do run the listed Amsoil 15w-40.
Based on the published specs from Rotella the 5w-40 has a higher 100°C viscosity than the 15w-40 by .2, but I cannot find the NOACK Volatility rating or HT/HS on either one. I can't find anything on their 0w-40 for CK, but the CJ oil was quite thin for a 40wt.
That being said, nearly all CK oils are better across the board than the CI oils everyone was so in love with and afraid to lose. TBN doesn't mean nearly as much anymore with ULSD.
Often 15w-40 synthetics are more expensive than 5w-40 synthetics too. Just depends on what you want to run... conventional 15w-40 is still going to be the cheapest option for above 0° use... I know it's rated lower but I personally wouldn't based on some freezer tests I did at -10°F.
So I would pick your oil based on pour temp requirements, and then personal preference... just my 0.02 on oil selection.
Not trying to start an oil war.. just pointing out some research points if people are shopping.