Long.
First of all, I am not an expert on real estate but I have been through the process a few times in the last few years. I have very good friends who are realtors though and did learn a bit about it.
I had been a few days shy of closing on a house in 95' when the ex bailed. I sold the two homes my ex and I had. I bought a home in 97', sold it in 98' when my wife and I bought our farm. So, I have been through some of this.
I think for too many people, they accept to much unknown because they are desperate to get into a house, any house. That said, first of all, evaluate your needs and what you can afford. Go to open houses. Listen to what the realtor is saying. Look, make notes, discuss with your significant other if there is one what you liked, did not like. If you have kids, you should prioritize good schools right up front. Don't lock yourself in with the first realtor you come across. If you start to work with a realtor and want to see some houses, don't figure on to many in one day. Six is alot. You won't remember what you saw and won't have the time you need to fully evaluate prospects. If you need more time or think of something later, schedule a second viewing. Your realtor works on commision. Don't jerk them around. If you find a really good one, they will often advise you of houses on the market and where they are. You can do a driveby just to see the neighborhood. Use the internet to see listings. Don't expect the realtor to give your pro's and con's about the neighborhood that would be racial related, etc. Talk to the neighbors around any house your interested in for that. Don't forget that the folks running the community (superivisors, inspectors, etc. ) can be helpful for questions.
Lawyers: you don't always need one. If it is a standard contract with minimal or no contingencies, usually not. Complicated contracts do. I have free legal service from work for home buying. Taking advantage of this, I showed this lawyer the contract. Now he professed to be an expert at real estate law. First thing he said was "who wrote this contract?". Bear in mind that PA has a standard contract that all realtors use save for the various contingencies that either party can add. So, they don't always know either.
You find a property you like so make an offer. An offer must be forwarded with a contract. That is the time to ad any contingencies. All can be ironed out later. It should be written so anything can bail you out of the process if it cannot be resolved. Radon, water, sewage, termites, a thorough home inspection, covenents, etc. should be there. Any changes you foresee such as adding a shed or garage or deck should be thought about. Maybe after you buy, you find out you can't do anything.
By the way, I have used home inspection services. They can be helpful but don't expect absolute perfection. They cannot see into the walls.
Check out the taxes, home insurance costs ahead of time, other services such as garbage pickup, cable tv, phone, power. It could be important.
Noting that you are already set to close, you should be past the above. For closing, you want to make sure you have extra cash for last minute changes. You want to make sure the deed has been cleared. You want to make sure your insurance is set to go. In the end, you will find out how good your choice of realtor was. He/she will have been working in the background to make sure all the details were attended to. Leave no question unanswered.