There are a couple of questions I have... .
1 - if the truck is not starting we are assuming that it cranks correctly... . does it make white smoke during the cranking process. . no white smoke, no fuel and its fuel or electronics problem not turning on the fuel system...
2 - if the truck is cranking and making white smoke than the fuel is on... . so you either have incorrect injection, (wrong time) electronics?? or not enough heat, pre heater, grid... or excessive low compression... Low compression (tight valves, worn engine) as I remember there is a heater in the fuel filter... is that working?
Once you've covered the basics than we can move on... diesels are very simple engines... . right fuel, right compression, and some heat and the fuel can't help but fire.....
Have you tried running some WD40 or other chemical into the intake to see if it will fire... .
I'm betting your not making any smoke... something in the electronics at below 10*F. is going open and not turning on the fuel to run... you plug the truck in... . warm it up and that electronic item now functions and the truck starts...