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Coolant flush on a 3rd Gen.

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AH64ID

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This is a pretty simple maintenance procedure, but I thought I would throw my . 02 out here for everyone to read.



First off the service manual has the procedure, and it really is quite simple.



2005 Service Manual said:
DRAINING COOLING SYSTEM - 5. 9L DIESEL ENGINE

WARNING: DO NOT REMOVE THE CYLINDER BLOCK DRAIN PLUGS OR LOOSEN THE RADIATOR DRAIN

PLUG WITH SYSTEM HOT AND UNDER PRESSURE. SERIOUS BURNS FROM COOLANT CAN OCCUR.

DO NOT WASTE reusable coolant. If the solution is clean, drain the coolant into a clean container for reuse.

1. Start the engine and place the heater control temperature selector in the Full-On position.

2. Turn the ignition off.

3. Do not remove radiator cap when draining coolant from reserve/overflow tank. Open radiator drain plug and

when tank is empty, remove radiator cap. If the coolant reserve/overflow tank does not drain, (Refer to 7 -

COOLING - DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING). The coolant need not be removed from tank unless the system is

being refilled with fresh mixture.

4. Remove radiator pressure cap.

REFILLING COOLING SYSTEM - 5. 9L DIESEL ENGINE

Clean cooling system prior to refilling (Refer to 7 - COOLING - STANDARD PROCEDURE).

1. Close radiator drain plug.

CAUTION: Due to the use of the one-way check valve, the engine must not be operating when refilling the

cooling system.

NOTE: The diesel engine is equipped with two one-way check valves (jiggle pins). The check valves are

used as a servicing feature and will vent air when the system is being filled. Water pressure (or flow) will

hold the valves closed.

2. Fill the cooling system with a 50/50 mixture of water and antifreeze.

3. Fill coolant reserve/overflow tank to the FULL mark.

4. Start and operate engine until thermostat opens. Upper radiator hose should be warm to touch.

5. If necessary, add 50/50 water and antifreeze mixture to the coolant reserve/overflow tank to maintain coolant

level. This level should be between the ADD and FULL marks. The level in the reserve/overflow tank may drop

below the ADD mark after three or four warm-up and cool-down cycles.



In addition to the coolant flush I changed the thermostat. That procedure can also be found in the service manual.



2005 Service Manual said:
5. 9L DIESEL ENGINE

WARNING: DO NOT LOOSEN THE RADIATOR

DRAINCOCK WITH THE SYSTEM HOT AND PRESSURIZED.

SERIOUS BURNS FROM THE COOLANT

CAN OCCUR.

Do not waste reusable coolant. If the solution is clean,

drain the coolant into a clean container for reuse.

1. Disconnect the battery negative cables.

2. Drain cooling system until coolant level is below

thermostat (Refer to 7 - COOLING - STANDARD

PROCEDURE).

DR/DH ENGINE 7 - 65

WARNING: CONSTANT TENSION HOSE CLAMPS

ARE USED ON MOST COOLING SYSTEM HOSES.

WHEN REMOVING OR INSTALLING, USE ONLY

TOOLS DESIGNED FOR SERVICING THIS TYPE OF

CLAMP, SUCH AS SPECIAL CLAMP TOOL (NUMBER

6094).

CAUTION: A number or letter is stamped into the

tongue of constant tension clamps. If replacement

is necessary, use only an original equipment

clamp with a matching number or letter.

3. Remove radiator hose clamp and hose from thermostat

housing (1).

4. Remove the three water outlet-to-cylinder head

bolts and remove the water outlet connector.

5. Clean the mating surfaces of the water outlet connector

and clean the thermostat seat groove at the

top of the thermostat housing.



5. 9L DIESEL ENGINE

1. Inspect thermostat seal for cuts or nicks. Replace if

damaged.

2. Install the thermostat into the groove in the top of

the cylinder head (2).

3. Install the thermostat housing (1) and bolts. Tighten

the bolts to 10 N·m (89 in. lbs. ) torque.

4. Install the radiator upper hose and clamp.

5. Fill the cooling system with coolant (Refer to 7 -

COOLING - STANDARD PROCEDURE).

6. Connect the battery negative cables.

7. Start the engine and check for coolant leaks. Run

engine to check for proper thermostat operation.



I started off by simply draining the OE fluid into a bucket. It was still very red, no oil, or any contaminates that I could see. There was a little bit of some contaminate the showed up on the 3rd flush in the radiator, but looked liked what I have seen in every cooling system. On my 2nd flush the coolant was much warmer and now had a small oil film on the top. But my buckets were new and I attribute that to the new plastic and warm water, something to consider if you find the same conditions when you flush your system.



Since it was in the 20's and snowing yesterday I knew I would have a hard time making the coolant warm enough to open the thermostat to get a good flush, and removing the thermostat would cause a leak so I modified my OE thermostat. A freind of mine calls this a "Hawaii T-Stat".



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So I drained the block/radiator 5 times. This may seem excessive, but consider this. A drain only gets about 4-5 gallons out, and its a 7. 4 gallon system. So I wanted to ensure that I had as much of the old coolant out as possible.



What I would do is drain it, very slow about 30 minutes to drain, then fill it with distilled water, and start it. I would then top it off with the engine idling, put the pressure cap back on and bump the idle to 1100 and turn the EB on to get some heat. With my Hawaii T-stat and a 30ish degree garage (cant fit the truck in with the door closed) and the hood open the coolant would only get to 114*. I would let it get to 114* then turn the EB off and bump the idle to 1500 for a few minutes. Then shut it down, drain, and repeat.



This photo shows 1 gallon from each flush, with the full strength OE fluid on the left and an unopened gallon of water on the right. Drains 4 and 5 were identical in color, so I assumed that was about my point of diminishing returns.



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For coolant I chose Zerex G-05, its HOAT and the factory fill. HOAT coolant is very difficult to find, and HOAT is not compatible with non-HOAT. I think I paid about $11/gal for it at NAPA. (Even thou its the OEM fluid, its not pink it's a yellow, which is really hard to see in the overflow tank)



Since its a 7. 4 gallon system and only 4-5 gallons drain you MUST, I repeat MUST, use concentrated coolant, not a 50:50 pre-mix (even thou the service manual states 50:50 you don't want to do this, it will yeild you a 25-40% mix at most). You need to add 3. 7 gallons of coolant to the system to have a 50:50 mix. First thing to do is to make 1. 5 gallons of pre-mix, this is for the overflow tank. Fill the overflow tank to the FULL line and pour the rest of the 50:50 in the radiator. Now add the remaining 3 gallons to the radiator. Now, and only now, will you and any straight distilled water to the radiator. I was only able to get about . 5gallons of distilled water in after the coolant, so even adding a gallon of distilled first will mess up your 50:50 desierd mix. Now start the enigne with the heater still on full and let it idle for a minute. Then add more distilled water to top it off. Repeat this once. Now you should be full enough that you won't pull your overflow reservoir below ADD.



Take it for a test drive, try to drive it a few miles after you have reached operating temp to get the coolant and water to properly mix throughout the block, radiator, and heater core. This was the hardest part for me, it was 19* outside, and there was 1-3" of snow on the roads. Even with my winter front fully closed I had to get up to 65-70 to get the T-stat to open and mix, then slow and accelerate again... But I got the t-stat to open 6-8 times and am confident I got a good mix.



I used 3. 7 gallons of G-05 and approx 23 gallons of distilled water.



A little trick for pouring the coolant into smaller containers from the bucket. If you have ever put a funnel in a gallon container you know it bubbles and spills since the air cant escape. Try putting a toothpick in the opening of the container with the funnel, works great.



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Great post,



Is there any point in using something like "Restore" from Fleetguard to clean the system? I'm not sure on how to use it, but I saw it recently on the fleetguard website. I too am going to flush and fill my '05 next week--so perfect timing. My '05 only has 78K on it, so I'm changing the coolant because I'm at the 5 year mark.



I'm thinking I may put the coolant filter kit on when I do it. Would using a coolant filter from fleetguard that has slow release additives in it be overkill?



Just thinking... .



Thanks again.
 
If you want to use a coolant filter use the FLG WF2077. It contains NO additives as the 5. 9 doesn't need them because it has no liners. Shadrach
 
If you want to use a coolant filter use the FLG WF2077. It contains NO additives as the 5. 9 doesn't need them because it has no liners. Shadrach



Correct, you don't want to use additives with HOAT coolant.



I actually have 2 WF2077's in the garage, and filter head. I just couldn't find a place that I was happy mounting it yet. . And it was 30ish in my garage and I didn't want to spend too much time on the floor.



I plan to put it in next spring.
 
There was another post recently regarding coolant filters for the ISB engines. I
called the Cummins answer line and they stated that the only reason to use the filter
is for the addition of additives for cylinder liners which, as mentioned above, we
do not have. We also do not need anodes. They are for marine applications only.
Your hard earned dollars would be better spent on something else.
Thanks AH64ID for the coolant system write up.
 
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Now that my friends, is the correct way to clean up the cooling system. Good illustration.

I also catch a sample with a clear glass and hold it up to a light.
 
That's a better job than the knuckleheads at the local Cummins shop did for mine back in 2004. They only flushed twice, I believe.

Ryan
 
What did you do with all the Fluid you made? I usually just get what I can every other year and replace with the same. I like the Mercedes coolant the best, they invented the formula and seem to have the best hand on it.
 
Tip of the hat, AH64. Good write-up. What about flushes? What kind? How do you determine if they are really needed? Any info, experiences would be appreciated. Thanks! Mark
 
What did you do with all the Fluid you made?



Its currently in my garage, I need to make some phone calls today.



Tip of the hat, AH64. Good write-up. What about flushes? What kind? How do you determine if they are really needed? Any info, experiences would be appreciated. Thanks! Mark



With the low miles on my rig I just went with water flushes, I don't have any oil in the coolant. I did enough that the color of the fluid drained wasn't changing.
 
Is there a block drain plug? If so where is it or do you just pull the lower radiator hose?



Mike



Per the service manual all you have to do is open the radiator drain.



There is a block drain, but I have only heard it lets a very small quantity out, and is very hard to get to. So I guess its not worth the time.
 
Just a thought... . BTW enjoyed your write up...

Are you aware of a test kit for testing the anti-freeze and the ability to add back a fortifier if the test show's it off...

We don't change the anti-freeze unless we have to open the system... and than only to add back coolant and distilled water...

But we do test it annually and fortify it if necessary...

We've done this since we owed 1st gen trucks in the 90's, than the Fords... and now the 3rd generation trucks we currently own... we did some water pumps on the 7. 3L Fords but haven't had a problem with the Ram's...
 
I wasn't aware there was a test kit and additives for HOAT?



I do know that either the new coolant, or the new thermostat, or both. . have made a huge difference in operating temp. The temp is much more constant while cruising.
 
I hear you jelag but for $40 on just a personal vehicle I would much rather flush out and replace with new. I can see where there is a big cost savings in fleet but we little guys are a little more anal.

Thanks AH64ID for your writeup and everybody else for the input.

Mike
 
Yo Hoot...

I keep my trucks (6) for 500K miles. . and every bit of coin I save goes into my pocket... We're very selective about what and how we do it... I was posting today about how we grease the hubs on the front end as well... And we run 19. 5" rubber, new steer tires that are ribbed and recaps (UPS bandag) on the rear... another story...

The key here is that everyone needs to do what their comfortable with... . after close to 40 years in this industry and who knows how many trucks... you sort of get a gut feeling for what you should do... for me the worst truck was a F550, and it always broke 500 miles from home... . oh well. .
 
I finally got around to doing the job. I changed the water pump, belt, upper and lower hoses, flush and new Zerex G05.

The manual tells you to leave the rad cap on at the beginning of the drain. If you do that it will siphon out the overflow bottle. That worked great. After the overflow bottle is empty you pop off the rad cap and the rest gushes out pretty fast.

I flushed it three times. I was able to get all four gallons in after a long drain after the last flush.

Getting the thing hot for circulation flushes takes the emergency brake and wheel chocks. I had to put it in drive to get the temp up.

Putting the belt back was tricky for doing it the first time. When I took it off I assumed it had to go over the fan. WRONG. Now I know why while taking it off I had to go back over the fan twice :eek: So just a little tip to all you first timers... the fan belt goes around the outside of the fan pulley on it's backside. That's why it doesn't have to go over the fan. And if you try putting it over the fan when installing, you get caught on the wire harness to the fan clutch, Ask me how I know.

While I had things apart I pulled the alternator to see if I could find the source of a pesky oil leak. Unfortunately there was no obvious location. It leaks from the left (passenger) side of the gear cover area. I'm beginning to think it's the gear cover to block gasket... oh God no. The gear housing cover is newly re-sealed with a new front main. It's dry and not leaking. I tightened up a every bolt in the area. . the oil filter block, the gear case. It only leaks when it runs. Tightening made no difference.

I also replaced the front and rear dif oil. I use Redline 70-90 GL5 synthetic. After 90,000 miles on the Redline I was pleasantly surprised at the viscosity of the oil. It was still like new. Front was a little dirtier than the rear. The rear oil was still somewhat translucent. I guess with 7 quarts it looks cleaner :) (Mag Hitec). At $15. 95 it cost me $150 just for the oil. For some odd reason, possibly due to the dual steering stabilizer installed up front, the front re-useable gasket had deteriorated enough at the bottom that I did not want to reuse it. I just used silicone gasket maker. The steering stabilizer system uses a skid plate mounting system that uses longer bolts and mounts on the lower half of the front dif using longer bolts up against the front cover. One was almost hand tight. I think some oil got down in between and reacted with the gasket. It's a non-stock item.

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Thanks to all for the great info. I've learned a lot doing this "simple" task. My advice to anyone changing coolant is have a spare drain plug in hand if you plan to use that method.
 
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