On the topic of the EPA requiring the EGR, that wouldn't surprise me one bit. Government has a tendency to overreact to things and it takes mountains of data to change anything. They generally run on the principle of add it and forget about it. If nothing else it's simply easy to get stuck in a position. If the EPA had to fight to get EGR as part of modern diesel engines and new tech comes around that no longer requires it the EPA will dig in their heels, not necessarily out of a power grab (although I wouldn't put it past them) but more so because they now view this as them being challenged and having to prove they are right sort of thing.
I see this every day in the business world. Someone challenges and idea/decision since new data is available and the original presenter of said idea/decision immediately and without thinking pushes back. Often times not because the person thought about it, just a natural reaction to them being challenged. It takes a lot of skill in order to bring up new data and get someone to change their mind, and often it's a waiting game as time needs to have them think about it. People don't like to be "wrong" and if they are changing something they originally supported they, or others, will see it as them being wrong.
As for the whole "bypass" or extended warranty debate, well honestly I don't think there is any way around them replacing the CP4. At this point there is just too much opportunity for lawsuit and frankly a lot of potential brand loyalty issue. I think people need to keep in mind that FCA is 3rd in the US truck market, which is arguably the single largest market for any US based auto manufacture. FCA has been spending a ton of time and money in trying to really push for the crown, and it shows. They have received great press on all their most recent trucks and have been able to convert some GM/Ford buyers as well. A lot of the new HD buyers are trying Ram for the first time with the 5th gen, and buyers that have stepped over from a previous gen Ram to the 5th gen but aren't necessarily brand loyal.
Then you have pressure from Cummins, which at this point is all rumor but I expect it's true. If FCAs penny pinching is costing Cummins loyalty as well then it's not great. Then you also have the argument that this is a safety concern, when the pump fails it does so catastrophically, and with HD trucks generally being a primary tow vehicle there is a concern there as well. Towing a large trailer and all of a sudden your truck dies, power steering is gone and you're doing 70mph on the interstate or in the mountains, well huge potential for safety concerns. While the other automakers have managed to skirt that issue for a while the CP4 seems to be failing at a higher rate than the others, at least from the time I spend on the PS groups before deciding on the Ram.
I don't think extended warranty is in the cards as while some may perceive that it's a "freebie" it's important to keep in mind that the CP4 was a large enough issue that FCA had the lobe redesigned then less than a year later swaps for a CP3. Companies like to know costs as much as possible and a higher cost now is generally preferable to an unknown cost in the longer term. While the CP3 swap would be expensive for us as end users it's not near the cost for FCA, plus they get to write off the loss. I just don't see them spending more money on a bandaid when the full fix isn't that much more and it will do a ton for their brand loyalty and reputation.
Time will tell but I'd put money on FCA switching back to the CP3 in the form of a recall or TSB. Maybe I'm just being hopeful as the owner of multiple Jeeps and a Ram currently but it's what makes the most sense to me from the POV of the business.