Sorry to hear of your troubles. Did you happen to notice what speed you were at? Did you try first gear,at a higher rpm, at that same speed? If it is driveshaft or tire related it will be at that same speed. Being it is a 4x4, it could be related to front end as well.
Check your rear tire pressures. A dually is sensitive to that, but tire problems are usually more apparent at higher speeds.
One other thing, check the torque of the rear lugs nuts. I have seen them come loose and cause all kinds of vibration.
If your can't track it down, have a dealership pull the plug and check the trans for metal shavings. You will probably have to have a new trans. The dealership will check tire balance and go through all sorts of things before they put in a trans.
Good luck, and I hope you get a loaner.
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99 2500 QC longbox, SLT, 4x4, 24V Cummins, 5 spd, 3. 55 LSD