Bump. Surely someone has experimented with one of these on a 5.9 by now! They are on sale at Jegs at the moment. Short of a variable turbo with stand alone controller and related cost this is a bargain.
First off you get a large turbo as generally the factory gives you a small turbo to light early and isn't so good on the top end. The large turbo of course doesn't want to light at low RPM and will smoke when you throw fuel at it anyway. The BD diverter valve allows the large turbo to spool at a lower RPM. I would love to see some others results on the 5.9 with different turbo's.
My experience has been on light duty 6.2/6.5 GM diesel. The GM factory turbo flat chokes over 2200 RPM resulting in excessive ECT, no useful power, and excessive fuel consumption when pushed on 7% grades that go for miles while towing. I was getting 7.5MPG doing this. I then added a huge turbo that didn't start to light off till 2000 RPM. Sure it's a dog from the stop light, but, rolling 65 MPH while towing is where I needed the sustained power. I wound up getting 10.4 MPG on this 550 mile weekday route trip towing with the large turbo. Having power in the upper RPM and less cooling fan use helped. I also went from 43 MPH to 55 MPH on the grades. Not a bad deal - increasing power and MPG at the same time. The turbo and spool valve are paid for with fuel savings.
For Daily Driver use the 'spool valve', BD diverter valve, is awesome. Before I would get 2 PSI of boost at 2K RPM as the turbo started to light. After the valve install I was getting 10PSI at 2K RPM. (Keep in mind this IS a non-intercooled IDI 6.5 that peaks at 14 PSI factory when thinking about the boost number.) In effect I get the small turbo low RPM spool and then the big turbo pull like a fright train till redline and then some. (I am nuts running a 30 year old IDI to 4K RPM. But, they are cheap to replace when they go boom...) The downside is the valve holds exhaust heat in the engine. I have had trouble with ECT and cooking off the engine oil. (UOA with soot high and viscosity going from 40 wt to 50 wt.) Course it's AZ and gets to 121 degrees out - a good reason to switch to full synthetic engine oil. It also reduced that amount of smoke I get in town by spooling the turbo at lower RPM.
More in depth with install pics and video. Your MPG will vary as it is a different engine of course.
http://www.thetruckstop.us/forum/showthread.php?39716-Another-BD-Quick-Spool-Valve-Install-with-A-C
An idea of the turbo size change. Small factory GM turbo on the right, HX40II clone center, and left the huge ATT turbo I am using.