At May Madness, this year, we were given a seminar by the man in charge of the development & building of the third gen. engines. The Buck stops at his desk.
He said that this engine was designed to be most effecient at 1800/1900 rpm's.
My personal experience with an '03,HO, 6-sp. , 3:73 rearend gearing, towing a 25' bumper pull trailer, approximately 7500lbs. , is that the best mileage, towing on flat land (Texas panhandle & OK. ) was 15 mpg. driving about 55-57 mph. Did that on two different tankfuls of diesel. About 62 mph, I'm at the 14 mph. level. 67-70 mph. I'm getting into the 13 mpg. range.
On a recent trip from Phoenix to Palmdale, CA. , I averaged 13. 86 mpg. driving about 67 mph. in AZ. & around 60 mph. in CA. (55mph. speed limit, towing in CA. ).
Hope this helps.
Joe F. (Buffalo)