Re: different expansion rates?
Originally posted by Paul R. Haller
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I would also like to point out that cast iron blocks and aluminum heads have a distinguished service record in the Toyota 22R engine. How many of those engines require regular head gaskets?... And while they probably do not tow heavy 5er trailers, they are a very durable engine in their own right.
I think the point I'm trying to make is that the engineering is probably the deciding factor in longevity, not the use of dissimilar metals.
-Paul R. Haller-
Paul,
Actually many 'yota 20R and 22R needed head gaskets.
I spent 10 fun filled years as a 'yota 4x4 fanatic and working on them just about every weekend, lots of PM and modifing and head gaskets. I used to carry a spare head gasket with me and the hand full of tools to do it. After I warped my 1st head I couldnt keep a seal, even after having the head milled. I was far from alone in this problem.
They were real easy and fun to work on. But their heads would warp at a drop of a hat. There was no need to actually overheat them, just get one close to being a bit to hot by loosing the clutch fan on a cool spring day and water would stream out from just behind #2 cylinder. You could drive it like that for years... keep the rpms down the head wouldnt loose water. The common failure would allow oil into the water, but not water into the oil, so they lasted for years, as well as the water pump!! Tell tail signs were a funky brown "Stuff" in the over flow bottle since the oil floated to the top of the radiator.
I 100% agree they were tough engines, double roller timing chains stock, would commonly run them at a 7K red line without lower end mods. Their biggest single problem was that freekin tin can head. The material of the head did not at all contribute to how strong of a 4 banger the 20R and 22R's are... the head material was their weakest link. In fact the rocker tree was partly believed to be designed to try and re-inforced the head to try and keep it from warping.
It's a well known design issue/problem, trying to mount an aluminum head onto the steel block. the higher the heat and compression the worst the problem. If you review it, every manufacturer has had their "head gasket" problems relating to this... . the head gasket is always the fall guys... My father has had it on his Isuzu, Mitsabeshi (sp? ugh) p/u's, I've had it on my Taurus, my friend on his little Chevy car 4 banger. . and all were covered by "recalls"... usually amounted to a new headgasket that was thicker in the required areas to take up the space developed by the difference in expansion rates.
It's called an engineering bandaid... ...
The right thing todo is how the Cummins and the good old cast Iron I6's and V8s are made... .
dare I go here:
Of course years ago Cheby had to try and be different yet again and did the worst combo... an aluminum block with a steel head... ... Vega... . Sounds as if they took the same engineers out of retirement to do the duramin.
