Here's the main reasons why those 2 piece driveshafts cause vibration.
1 - Everyone understands that the rubber mount in the center carrier wears out and this allows the shaft to flop around. No real brain surgery there and that's the main cause.
2 - U-joints need to be at opposite operating angles to cancel each other out. The farther out they get from each other (1*, 2*, 3* is okay), the worse the vibration gets as they don't cancel each others vibrations.
The geometry of the 2-piece shaft doesn't allow the u-joints at the center carrier and the differential to maintain those opposite angles and you get the vibration at certain speeds and load conditions. It's most common without a load in the truck because the angles are the farthest out of whack due to it being designed to to have a load in it.
The 1-piece shaft, by increasing the distance between the 2 joints, decreases the angle that the joints operate at and reduces the effect on that angle caused when the rear axle "wraps" under load or when the suspension is compressed.
Maintaining matching operating angles is the key to getting rid of the vibration and shudders (and having a driveshaft that's not flopping around during rotation). The only thing those dampers on the 2-piece shafts do is mask the condition, they don't really solve the problem.
What the dealers like to do is shim the carrier bearing support for this complaint, but this isn't the best solution and it doesn't make a significant change. The easiest (and cheapest) way to fix some of the vibration is adding an angled shim under the spring packs and changing the angle of the pinion. This puts the u-joint angles where they need to be in most cases.
To do this, you need to measure the angle that the back section of the drive shaft comes out of the center carrier and the angle of it at the diff. Once you have these angles, you can figure out what angle shim you need to put them in alignment.
You want to get these measurements with the truck at the ride height that you normally use it. If it's a daily driver, you take the measurements empty. If you're a hot shot, you take the measurement with a load on the back.
Shims are cheap and easy, you just need to figure out the angle.
Here is what you're looking for.....
Chassis & Suspension - SummitRacing.com