A simple explanation of what EGR does in one paragraph:
"Exhaust Gas Recirculation:
Exhaust gas recirculation, also known as EGR, is a technology that is not specifc to the diesel industry. EGR systems have been used for years in both diesel and gasoline powered vehicles because they help to lower greenhouse gas emissions. In a diesel, the primary function of the EGR system is to lower the amount of Nitrous Oxides (NOx) produced by the combustion of diesel fuel. A portion of the engines exhaust gas is recirculated into the engine and combusted again. This lowers the amount of excess oxygen and lowers peak combustion temperatures. Since NOx formation occurs much faster at high temperatures, the EGR limits the generation of NOx. NOx is primarily formed when a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen is subjected to high temperatures. Despite the reduction of NOx, Exhaust gas recirculation systems have negative effects on performance and fuel economy, and other exhaust treatments are necessary because EGR systems increase the amount of diesel particulate matter produced by the engine. "
Bill