Steve,
Interesting concept on the exhaust brake, but, my response would be 'whats the difference between backpressure on the exhaust stroke and compression stroke'? The rings are meant to seal with pressure from the top side and I have a hard time seeing the difference between the two. What he could have meant is the extra wear created by pressure on the exhaust stroke would wear the rings more. However, the exhaust brake is not used very much in relationship to total running time and there is always back pressure on an exhaust stroke anyway. Run this back at you teacher and see what the response is.
Exhaust brakes on an auto is about the only way to get some descent braking power but get ready for sticker shock. The first thing is toss the early transmissions and get a 95 to early 96 auto and start building. You must have a lockup trans to make it work and if you are towing it had better be a good lockup system. Add in the electronics and pressure lock to control things on decel and you will have a good setup. The two issues are cost and trans life. Cost will probably run close to what the first gen trucks are selling for. The life of the trans is what is a big variable. Use, towing weight, and trans setup will all contribute and that is impossible to calculate across all vehicles.