A/R ratio: A ratio of the cross-sectional AREA of the turbine housing to the RADIUS as measured by the length of the line extended from the center of the housing's cross section to the center of the turbine.
A/R expresses turbine housing size relative to a specific location in the housing.
A/R can account for different turbine wheel sizes (the RADIUS part), while simply stating the area alone does not.
For example, Holset offers a 16cm housing for the HX35 and well as the HX40. Do the flow the same?? NOPE! The HX40 has a larger turbine wheel than the '35 does, which increases the "radius" part.
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Ironically, this means means that the HX40 with its larger pinwheel would have a LOWER A/R ratio (i. e. , more R for the same 16cm A).
What does this tell you about flow? It depends on whether the turbine
housing or turbine
wheel presents the main restriction to flow.
If the housing itself is substantially more restrictive, then a larger A/R should give you an appreciable increase in flow.
Conversely, if the WHEEL itself is the main restriction (say, like a 21cm housing on an H1C), then it's quite possible that you could get more flow from a LOWER A/R on a bigger turbo.
Don't think of A/R in terms of comparing one turbo to another, as it's possible have more flow from either a lower OR a higher A/R comparing one turbo to another.
Rather, think of A/R as a location on a spectrum with one end being max spool and terrible flow (relative to turbine's potential flow) and the other end being the maximum realized potential turbine flow but terrible lag.
Do NOT use A/R to compare one turbo to another-- just a single turbo's behavior within a range of options.
Cliff, correct me if I'm wrong.
Justin