Roadwarrior,
APPS = accelerator pedal position sensor. This sensor uses a pair of microswitches to determine when the accelerator is in the idle position.
Ultimately, it is crankcase oil that lubes the cylinder on any piston engine. While it is true that the upper cylinder receives some lubrication from diesel fuel, the added lubrication contained in diesel fuel is a bonus that contributes to long life of diesel engines under heavy loads. Unburned diesel fuel will tend to wash oil from the cylinder wall and dilute the crankcase oil, so for longest diesel engine life it is important to get a good burn of the injected fuel.
A cold cylinder has a greater likelyhood of missfire or incomplete fuel burn. Cutting off fuel to some cylinders on the Cummins B at idle will not cause any measurable wear because the cylinder without fuel has no load. In general, a diesel engine is happiest when loaded and it is hard for a cylinder to maintain operating temperature when it is idling. By making 3 cylinders work harder, the fuel burns more completely in those cylinders and there is less risk of washdown.
FWIW: Gasoline scrubs lubrication from the cylinder walls, which is one of the reasons why gasoline engines tend to have short lives when they are operated continuously under heavy loads where the air/fuel mixture is usually rich.
Dave