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High Altitude???

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Adding a turbo to a piston-engine aircraft will tend to raise its service ceiling by about 10000 ft. Just a rule of thumb I've heard. That is to say, at 10k ft a turboed piston engine is capable of performing similarly to a NA piston engine at sea level, all else being equal. In other words, a turbo will compensate for altitude changes... to an extent.



If I lived at altitude, I'd want a turbo!



-Ryan
 
I have noticed one ill effect on my truck and two other modified CTD's at altitude. At 12,000 feet and around 20 degrees, it's very difficult to fire these things up after sitting for a couple of days. I believe large honed injectors are a big contributor to that though, because with just 275's it's not as hard to start.



Other than that, slower spool up, and higher egt's are the only thing drastically different from lower elevation. I've had my truck down to 1500 feet for a weekend, it ran a little harder, but the biggest difference was there was no turbo lag, I mean none. Power was probably a little better, but I think people confuse lag time with overall power difference.



In short, altitude is nothing to fear with your ctd.



Matt
 
Thank you all for the input. I figured as much that a turbo would be a great compensater (sp). I did get around to test driving a CTD yesterday. I guess I've been driving gassers to long, didn't seem that powerful. But I did notice the more you mashed the go pedal, it did build power and in a hurry. I guess under a load it would be a lot different.
 
BHolm said:
Punish my vehicles???? No, actually I run them as designed, thank you. Jetboy, you really are making a HUGE deal out of this and I think you are wrong anyway. Nowhere in your posts do I see any real evidence that your statements are correct.



Jetboy? I doubt you'd have the sack to call me that to my face. As far as evidence, look at everybody chiming in saying that their EGTs are higher and the turbo response is laggy at altitude. HELLO!!!! Why do you think that is? Turbo response is dependent on exhaust gas flow and the compressor's ability to do it's job, both of which are affected by change in elevation, temperature, humidity, and ambient pressure. Turbines have been my life for almost 15 years, I pretty GD sure that I know what I'm talking about. Whether or not you're man enough to admit that maybe you don't. . . . that's another question, one that you yourself have to find the answer to.



NA engines lose power due to less dense air and lower pressure.



So do turbocharged and supercharged ones.



The NA engine has to "suck" air in where a turbocharged engine has a force feeding system that eliminates the pressure problem at as low as 1psi.



NO. Any piston engine works the same way, compressing an inlet charge that flows into the cylinder due to a pressure gradient into a combustable condition and turning the rise in cylinder pressure into mechanical energy. Simple. Why are you so hung up on this 1psi bs?



Yes the air is less dense so it takes a larger charge to provide the same amount of oxygen for the given amount of fuel.



This is only true if you measure the charge by volume. The necessary MASS stays the same. Having to match that charge MASS under lower inlet density conditions means having to have considerably greater pressure and heat, which cost HP. It takes energy to do the work of transforming 'thin air' into a dense air charge, thus, a decrease in inlet density always results in loss of power. PERIOD.



To say that a turbo doesn't compensate for this is ignorant IMO.



Well, that's just your ignorant opinion. Turbocharged engines ARE NOT immune to the effects of high elevation, there's no way around it. If they WERE, there would be no increase in EGTs, no loss in turbo response, and no loss in fuel economy. Sadly, all three of those things is a fact of life when operating in high elevations. Again, you haven't a leg to stand on saying anything to the contrary.



It most certainly does, and rather effectively in my experience (and that of everyone else living in the mtns that has replied). So I guess we are all wrong.



Really? What about all these people who are saying their EGTs are higher and their turbos are laggy? They're certainly not building a case for what you insist is true.



If you have some eveidence that can show the loss of power, I would love to see it. Anybody know of a dyno located at high altitude?



Look at it this way. . . . . if the truck doesn't have the same response at a high altitude as it does at a lower altitude, your BUTT DYNO oughta be telling you there's a difference in power. Jeeze, it's funny on this forum how some people insist that dynos don't mean anything, then you come in and insist that they'll prove your case. Comedy gold!!!



Tell you what I'll do, smart guy. You can come test on my dyno at 550 feet, then we'll drive to Colorado to a shop at high elevation, set up my dyno there, and I bet you $1000 that your truck WILL NOT make the same power. You can't sandbag at low alt and then turn up your box in Colorado, that's bullshlt pantywaist cheating. What do you say? I'll even let you operate the dyno so you can't say I was somehow skewing test results. Are you sure enough of your position to go for this? My phone number is in my signature, give me a call and we'll set this up.



Just a quick anaology for forced induction at altitude. I drag race my old Buick at 7000ft. My buddy runs a supercharged engine that dynos at less power than my NA car at sea level. His is about 450hp and mine 485hp, cars are similar enough in wieght. His car runs 1. 5 seconds faster in the QM than my car at altitude. My car runs 1 second faster than his at (near)sea level. The only changes made are in carb jetting, mine far more drastic than his. Forced induction works to virtually eliminate the effects of altitude in real life. It appears that in the lab I am all wrong though :-{}



You are all wrong. Where's your scientific data? You didn't give exact atitudes where you race and had those differences in time, you didn't say where these supposed HP figures came from, your story is as verifiable as a Harry Potter book. Forced induction engines make more power than a similar NA engine regardless of altitude. Big friggin deal!?!?!?!? So what???? The point I'm making that you seem to be either afraid to admit or unable to understand, is that a change in altitude affects ALL air burning engines, regardeless of if they're forced induction OR NOT.



Gimme a call, I look forward to making your wallet $1000 lighter.
 
Whoa, everyone needs to chill out a bit here.



There is a bit of truth on both sides of this issue's discussion. A turbo engine with a purely mechanical wastegate will lose power with increasing altitude. That's because the mechanical actuator reacts to pressure differential across the diaphragm. Once the delta P gets large enough to overcome the spring force, the actuator moves and the wastegate begins to open. A mechanical wastegate reacts to gauge pressure.



Now, on the 3rd gen (well, at least 04. 5 and later... not sure about the 03-04 trucks), we have an electronically controlled wastegate. The ECU controls the wastegate, and it reacts to absolute pressure in the intake manifold. Those with a keen eye and a boost gauge should see higher boost numbers when running at altitude. In a perfect world, as long as you have enough exhaust flow to get the wastegate to actuate, you will maintain sea level power.



Of course, it isn't a perfect world, so things like turbo shaft speed and compressor outlet temperature (blade aluminum can start to creep) will, at some point, require the ECU to actuate the wastegate before the desired MAP (manifold absolute pressure) can be achieved. Also, because the air is less dense, and the ECU waits for boost before ramping in too much fuel (to avoid transient soot emissions), the turbo feels much more laggy at altitude.



Steve
 
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Windscreen said:
Whoa, everyone needs to chill out a bit here.



There is a bit of truth on both sides of this issue's discussion. A turbo engine with a purely mechanical wastegate will lose power with increasing altitude.



So will yours with the computer controlled WG. Got $1000 burning a hole in your pocket???? ;)



That's because the mechanical actuator reacts to pressure differential across the diaphragm. Once the delta P gets large enough to overcome the spring force, the actuator moves and the wastegate begins to open. A mechanical wastegate reacts to gauge pressure.



Agreed.



Now, on the 3rd gen (well, at least 04. 5 and later... not sure about the 03-04 trucks), we have an electronically controlled wastegate. The ECU controls the wastegate, and it reacts to absolute pressure in the intake manifold. Those with a keen eye and a boost gauge should see higher boost numbers when running at altitude. In a perfect world, as long as you have enough exhaust flow to get the wastegate to actuate, you will maintain sea level power.



Are you 100% certain of this? I suspect that the ECU is aware of BARO pressure as well as MAP, and still limits the total boost pressure to the same limit at altitude as it does at sea level. If it always ignores ambient pressure and operates the WG solenoid based on MAP, a boost gauge would read higher during WOT at altitude than at sea level. Is this the case? The problem is, I question the absolute accuracy of boost gauges. The best answer for this would be to fit the truck with a datalogger and accurately measure BARO, MAP, compressor discharge pressure/temp/etc, wastegate actuator pressure (to see when the ECU is opening the WG) to get an idea of what the ECU's control strategy really is.



Of course, it isn't a perfect world, so things like turbo shaft speed and compressor outlet temperature (blade aluminum can start to creep) will, at some point, require the ECU to actuate the wastegate before the desired MAP (manifold absolute pressure) can be achieved.



I think you would find that the compressor efficency would degrade to a dangerous level well before you'd need to worry about blade creep, but yes, as the turbo works harder and harder, you're adding an exponentially higher amount of heat to the charge air, reducing density and reducing power potential.



Also, because the air is less dense, and the ECU waits for boost before ramping in too much fuel (to avoid transient soot emissions), the turbo feels much more laggy at altitude.



Steve



This lag is a noticable reduction in performance. Reduction in performance = reduction in power. Wouldn't you agree?
 
Since this has clearly degraded into a shouting match..... :rolleyes:



I'm not taking you up on ANY offer with a chip that big on your shoulder, you come off as a bit of a nut frankly.



I have the dyno sheets for my cars engine and my buddy certainly has his (I have seen them). We run in Grand Junction CO regularly in the summer (~6000 ft but with corrected 7500-8000ft air density). The low alt runs where in Kearny NE(1500-2000ft?). I don't feel I need to further justify my "Harry Potter" story to YOU. I don't particularly care if you buy it or not. Once again it happened in the REAL WORLD not a lab.



Of course there is some loss in power. You make it sound like it is some monumental amount though. I drive my truck at elevations ranging from 0-12000ft. I know what my butt dyno says, negligible differences.



As far as saying anything to your face... . grow up, stop taking the testosterone pills, it has clearly resulted in a major imbalance.
 
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Turbocharged engines

Actually, it isn't uncommon for a turbocharged engine to produce more power at altitude then at sea level. Even a NA engine will produce more power for the same manifold pressure. Total available power is reduced, but the amount of power for a given manifold pressure is higher. The main reason for this is a reduction of backpressure.



Also, a dyno at sea level compared to a dyno at 5,000 feet cannot be compared without compensating for non-standard temperature. Standard temp at sea level is 15C and at 5,000 feet it is 5C. If you dyno a turbocharged engine at both elevations with standards temps at both elevations, the engine WILL produce more power at 5,000 feet as long as no limits have been reached. ie EGT, turbocharger output, etc.



You can look at many turbocharged aircraft POH's and see that HP increases as altitude increases. This of course only occurs up to the turbochargers "critical" altitude. The wastegate is fully close or if no wastegate, the throttle is fully open, and the turbo is at its output limit, so any increase in altitude causes a decrease in power.



Here is a Type Certificate Data Sheet for a Piper PA-34-200T Seneca II. It shows that at sea level the engine produces 200HP and at 12,000 feet it produces 215HP. This increase is due to a reduction of backpressure.



"Engine Limits For all operations, 2575 r. p. m. and 40" Hg. Manifold pressure, 200 hp @ S. L. and 215 hp @ 12,000 ft. "



http://www.airweb. faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgMakeModel. nsf/0/6437bdd40bc818ec86256e6e004328ed/$FILE/A7SO.pdf
 
I was gonna stay out of this one!!! But I have to say I Win!!!! I live at 9850' above Sea level. So far the highest!!! (Not as high as Dr. Jet tho!) :)



But only for 2 more weeks and then I won't be "InThinAir" any more. Moving away, getting too crowded.



---Doug
 
PMcBride said:
anybody have any experience with their CTD at high altitude? high altitude being 11,000 ft and above. Loss of power or poor performance. I remember when I had my 83 Chevy diesel that thing was a dog at high altitude and you didn't dare even try to tow anything with it. I am currently shopping for a new CTD and my wife has concerns, when she was growing up they had an escort diesel that quit on them when they were vacationing in the Colorado mountains. The thing wouldn't run over 10,000 feet.

Wow...

PMcBride,

I have driven over Trail Ridge Road in Rocky Mt. National Park (Colorado) with the truck bed loaded very heavy. Trail Ridge has up to a 7% grade. Eight miles of the road are above 11,000 feet in elevation. I believe the high point is 11,794 feet. No problem with power, a little smokey around some of the switch backs at low boost but it cleans up nice as the boost comes in.

I had a 95 Yukon 6. 5L Diesel. . No comparision.

JJ
 
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PMcBride said:
Thank you all for the input. I figured as much that a turbo would be a great compensater (sp). I did get around to test driving a CTD yesterday. I guess I've been driving gassers to long, didn't seem that powerful. But I did notice the more you mashed the go pedal, it did build power and in a hurry. I guess under a load it would be a lot different.

Somebody in Nebraska needs to give this gentleman a ride in a "tweaked" CTD Tow vehicle.
 
BHolm said:
Since this has clearly degraded into a shouting match..... :rolleyes:



I'm not taking you up on ANY offer with a chip that big on your shoulder, you come off as a bit of a nut frankly.



I have the dyno sheets for my cars engine and my buddy certainly has his (I have seen them). We run in Grand Junction CO regularly in the summer (~6000 ft but with corrected 7500-8000ft air density). The low alt runs where in Kearny NE(1500-2000ft?). I don't feel I need to further justify my "Harry Potter" story to YOU. I don't particularly care if you buy it or not. Once again it happened in the REAL WORLD not a lab.



Of course there is some loss in power. You make it sound like it is some monumental amount though. I drive my truck at elevations ranging from 0-12000ft. I know what my butt dyno says, negligible differences.



As far as saying anything to your face... . grow up, stop taking the testosterone pills, it has clearly resulted in a major imbalance.



Okay, you so smart. . . . lemme know when your balls drop and you're ready to put your money where your big ill-informed mouth is. If you're so sure of yourself, why not be a man and PROVE IT?



Come on, you skeered????
 
Brian,



You have a bad attitude and you have no idea what you are talking about. You obviously don't know a thing about jet engines. I am an airplane and helicopter pilot and mechanic and I can assure you that you are wrong. You have obviously read parts of a theory book, but didn't read all the way through.



Check your attitude, get some experience flying and working on some turbine engines, and then get back with us.
 
CJEliassen said:
Brian,



You have a bad attitude and you have no idea what you are talking about. You obviously don't know a thing about jet engines.



If you're so sure, show me your $1000 and we'll settle it.



I am an airplane and helicopter pilot and mechanic and I can assure you that you are wrong.



Yeah, I'm an A&P too. Let's see you prove me wrong.



You have obviously read parts of a theory book, but didn't read all the way through.



What exactly are you disputing?



Check your attitude, get some experience flying and working on some turbine engines, and then get back with us.



PM me with a phone number.
 
CJEliassen said:
Also, I already knew you where an A&P. You have held an A&P for 5 years and no IA? Whats the hold up? Can't pass that simple test?



Got out of aviation after 9-11, into related field that pays better.



I've got a dyno and am capable of proving my point. If somebody is so sure I'm wrong, let them step up and prove it.
 
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jetenginedoctor said:
Got out of aviation after 9-11, into related field that pays better.



I've got a dyno and am capable of proving my point. If somebody is so sure I'm wrong, let them step up and prove it.





Already proved it, but thanks anyway.
 
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