The guys with pulling trucks ought to be jumping right in on this...
You really should be asking about torque ratings, though, not horsepower.
There was once a list of t-cases and their ratings posted here. The NP271 is the strongest of the aluminum case/chain drives, I believe, and is rated to handle what you want I think. The NP241DHD is pretty tough once the snap ring issue is addressed. And I'll bet there are even plenty of 500hp NV241DLD trucks out there, too.
Personally, I'm Old School and prefer cast iron and gears over aluminum and chains. That ratings chart I mentioned had the legendary NP205 rated WAY too low. They are the most popular heavy duty t-case ever built for good reason, and can be found in some very radical trucks. The 1st gen Cummins dodges had them. So did every other truck maker.
My goal is to mate an NP205 (ford driver side drop) to the NV5600 in my shop and bolt them both into my '96. It should be a fairly straightforward upgrade over my NV4500 and NP241DLD and will be a nice combo behind this Cummins, I think.
I cannot for the life of me understand why a truck spec'ed with 1-ton suspension (on a srw 2500), a dana 80 rear and a psuedo-Dana 60 front axle and Cummins and manual transmission would even be considered a good candidate for the 241 Light Duty t-case when the 241HD was available. . ? Makes no sense at all. But that's how the factory put mine together. That said, my power output is stock, but I do plow snow and have larger tires and, so far, have had no problems with the NP241DLD.
You could just run what you have and see if it breaks. It might surprise you and hold together.