This is all just marketing. A 10-micron filter can trap particles as small as one micron. The same holds true for a 7 or 5-micron filter. All this means is that the test dust used to test the filters was either 5,7, or 10 microns in size. It is the filtering efficiency that matters regardless of the size of test dust. In other words, lets say you have a 7-micron filter that is rated at 96. 5 efficiency. Then lets say you have a 10-micron filter that is rated at 99. 5 efficiency. Which filter is better? Probably the 10-micron filter but it is hard to tell. You see, again, when the filter manufacturer says that it is a 7-micron filter, all that means is that the filter was tested with 7-micron dust and has absolutely nothing to do with how small of particles the filter can trap, or how restrictive the filter is. There is no difference between a 7 and 10-micron filter, unless the filters can be tested side by side with both 7 and 10-micron filter dust and then look at the efficiency ratings.
The filter manufacturing companies assumed that most people would think smaller is better. That is how this Micron war started as a marketing ploy to sell to the general public. The truth is that micron rating is only a small part of the overall filtration picture, and without considering efficiency, it means nothing. It is a sales tool.
From the Chevron site:
Energy Content:
In general, the processing required to reduce sulfur to 15 ppm also reduces the aromatics content and density of diesel fuel, resulting in a reduction in energy content (BTU/gal).
The expected reduction in energy content is on the order of 1% and may affect fuel mileage.
Oh goodie I can't wait.