the difference is the turbine wheel, not the compressor wheel. They both use the same 62mm compressor wheel.
the 71mm sps turbine takes a little more fuel/rpm to get it spinning, but once it does, the boost needle swings QUICK! and if flows more exhaust volume, allowing for higher power numbers.
the 65mm ps turbine starts spooling earlier and has a more linear boost onset (not linear by any means, but 'more' linear than the sps turbine)
it is my impression that you can not get the sps turbine with a 12cm housing... not sure if the casting gets too thin or if they simply haven't offered it yet. the sps turbine was originally used with the 66mm compressor, and surge was an issue on early models... a smaller turbine housing would have only made surging worse.
I have an sps62 that I have run on my last two trucks. both 12v. the poor flowing cylinder head causes a fair amount of lag, but the trucks are still quite drivable. my previous truck had a ported head, but my current does not, and the boost gauge shows it.
I'm sure a 24v would light up earlier due to a better flowing head, but with the parameters you listed, I would just get a regular phat shaft 62 and go off of their recomendations as far as 12cm or 14cm for the housing.