Ya'll quit that theory stuff, and get your heads out of the text book......
... . cuz this is how it works in the real world. When pulling a big hill, with big weight, with the go peddle crushing the carpet, the little gauge that measures the temperature of the water moves to the right side (from the left). That means that the engine is producing more waste energy (heat) than the cooling system can dissipate. My truck is under 400hp, and if I kept my foot in it (with EGT's never going over 1300 thanks to good air flow improvements) it would overheat pulling a big mountain, running 21 or 22k pounds. The horse power doesn't matter as much as how efficient the engine is at using fuel, i. e. - How much fuel makes the tires turn, vs. How much is dissipated through the cooling system. It just that simple. Or, you can say if the little needle moves to the right to fast, ya need more cooling.
Brian Criste.