Thats the difference with for instance the 265X75R16, but the 315X70R17 its primarily the sales pitch sizing used.
The flatenning actually only changes the height as a measurement across the tire, less in height, but more front to rear.
The tire has the same rolling surface until you reach a certain speed where centrifical force causes the sidewalls to rise and the height of the tire, and thus the diameter / circumference increases causing the turns per mile to go down, not up. The sizing formula actually shows a turns per mile less, not more, than the tire at its 45MPH rating.
The larger the tire and the lower the pressure, the softer the sidewall, the more dramatic the effect. But the result is that the sizing of the tire would give the correct turns per mile above that speed where the tire is more round again, if the sizing acurately reflected the true tire dimensions. 305X73R17 is the closer to truth size for the tire.
The effect is like on a drag racing slick, just much less dramatic.
The 315X70R17 is actually a 305X73R17 on an 8. 5" wheel, if the ratio is slipped to either 70 or 75 the section width never really matches what it actually is so the numbers are fudged. And you always fudge the bigger is better number. You can sell more 315X70 tires than you can 300X75's I would think. And the aspect ratio is always a round lot number, 50-55-60-55-70-75-80 etc.
Anyway, its just academic, like taliking about syth lubes vs dino juice, not that I would do that though.