I attended a couple of seminars given by Mr. Dennis Hurst (the head man at the Cummins Engine Plant that produces our engines). He told us that the engine was designed & built to work most efficiently in the 1800-1900 rpm range. These seminars were at May Madness where you can get some very good information.
During last years vacation (towing my 25', 7000+ lb. trailer) I had to drive at about 55-57 mph for an extended period of time on Hwy. 99 from Bakersfield to Sacramento, CA. On one fill-up, I got 16. 9 mpg, another at 16. 2 mpg & two in the high 15 mpg's. My WORST fill-up was a bit over 10 mpg's. Normally, my truck gets around 17 mpg's, around town, not towing.
I couldn't believe the great mileage on Hwy. 99. However, that area is as flat as a pool table, no side or head winds, in line with thousands of 18 wheelers & driving slowly gives one great mileage. I don't remember the rpm's at that speed.
Joe F.