The 4. 10's produce less stress on the drive train (engine to rear drive shart) at any given speed, because the 4. 10 ratio multiplies the drive line torque more than the 3. 55 does. Therefore, the engine, transmission, transfer case, and drive shaft don't have as much stress on them. In other words, the engine would not need to produce as much torque for the 4. 10s as the 3. 55 for the same speed.
The stress on the rear axle would be the same with either ratio.
The stress on the rear axle would be the same with either ratio.