Kudos to CobraJet for interjecting some common sense into the aftermarket add-on hype. If it hasn't already been mentioned, I would add: check your tire pressure religiously, put the proper tires on the rig, and keep the air filter clean.
The biggest influence is keeping the five little piggys from going "Whee, whee, whee... all the way home".
The best mod I did to my CTDs was to get about 20K on them. This resulted in a noticable mpg improvement.
I'm no rocket scientist, but IMHO toppers create aerodynamic turbulance=drag. Thus a tonneau or tailgate down or gone should give a teeny weeny improvement. Personally, I prefer flatbeds so I don't have to worry about a horse trailer smacking the side rails or pulverizing the chinsy (however you spell it) sheet metal sides and bed. "Honey, don't use that feather duster on the truck, you'll cave it in. "

geeezzz
As far as synthethics go: The official Cummins FAQ states:
"Is it OK to use synthetic oil with my Cummins engine?
Cummins recommends that you not use synthetic motor oil during the break-in period of 5000-20,000 miles, based on the type of driving, to allow proper seating of the piston rings. Beyond that mileage it is OK to use synthetic oil. "
Here in WY, the sweet thing about synthetics is the cold weather benefits (the snow also helps keep 2WDs from polluting the scenery)

. Albeit, they get better mpgs.
Finally, except for trying to frig that dowel every 24K and the fuel filter set up, I sure miss the beautiful simplicity, power, and fuel economy of my 12v. This is one important factoid which brought me into the cummins fold. Every model year CD cranks the HP up a notch and the mpgs go farther south. Wait until we are blessed with the EGR.
