Hi James, welcome to BOMBers Anonymous
I have a straight piped 4" system, never did anything to my stock 3", so I can't compare the sounds from personal experience, but I can relay what I have read on the TDR from other members who have done a sound comparrison.
Sound wise, 3" or 4" straight piped apparently is only a little different sounding. The 4" allows a little more low frequency tone, so it has a little more bass to the sound, more like a big rig. But, from what I remember reading, not a real significant difference.
Now as to performance. If your truck is bone stock, or only slightly BOMBed, say in the <300HP range, the common consensus here is that going straight piped really adds no performance benefit at all. If you are in the 400+ HP range, it can help reduce your EGTs a little, like maybe 50* or so, but even then, not a huge difference.
I removed my muffler purely for the sound, which to me is absolutely



.
Enjoy the TDR and your Cummins!
Tom