I am new to troubleshooting these transmission's that's for sure, like you it smacked me in the face so I had to work through it, all I know Is what I was able to find here and there on the boards and talk with a local trans guy I know over the phone. . not much help... and I do lots of low voltage control system work in hi rise buildings... . I never unplugged the trans and tried to run the truck,
didn't you say these solenoids are out of used trans you have? if so I would not have any faith in them being good, I know its a hard bullet to bite, the way I looked at it was if the trans does need a rebuild its one less thing I needed to buy. and if it was working fine and out of the blue started the limp mode its all electrical giving you the grief on this go.
why your reading the codes even unplugged sometimes stuff is engineered to remember its last state and hold till its powered up again or when a device fails it will freeze its last reading until the device starts talking to the computer again... it gives the computer and systems something to reference and move on, if that make sense? do these Dodges work like that I dont know for sure, but probably pretty close its a basic logic system.
the orange wire should read the same V at the resistor and the plug at the trans, not sure what signal V or? comes back from a solenoid to the computer never had to go that far.
sorry not much help today, stick with it.